Analyze the principle of a standard Vernier Caliper.
I. The principle is based on the difference between the value of one Main Scale Division (MSD) and one Vernier Scale Division (VSD).
II. In a standard vernier caliper, N divisions of the vernier scale coincide with (N – 1) divisions of the main scale.
III. The least count (LC) is given by 1 MSD – 1 VSD.
IV. The Vernier Constant is another name for the Least Count.
V. If N vernier divisions equal (N + 1) main scale divisions, it is called a retrograde vernier.
